2 min read The Origins of the Word "Freelance": From Medieval Knights to Modern Professionals

The Origins of the Word "Freelance": From Medieval Knights to Modern Professionals

The term "freelance" first entered the English language in the early 19th century, thanks to Sir Walter Scott’s 1820 novel, Ivanhoe. In this classic, the phrase "free lances" was used to describe a group of mercenary knights who were available for hire. These knights, unbound by feudal obligations, offered their services to the highest bidder.

Scott’s portrayal of these knights captures the essence of freelancing as we know it today. Just as these medieval warriors chose their engagements based on compensation rather than loyalty, modern freelancers have the freedom to select projects and clients according to their preferences and terms.


"I offered Richard the service of my Free Lances, and he refused them... thanks to the bustling times, a man of action will always find employment." - Ivanhoe, Sir Walter Scott



From Medieval Mercenaries to Modern Professionals


The concept of freelancing has evolved significantly since its literary debut. Originally, "freelance" referred to hired soldiers who fought for whoever paid them the most. This notion of independence and flexibility is a direct precursor to today's freelancing model, where individuals work on a project-by-project basis without a permanent commitment to any single employer.

Interestingly, while the term "freelance" became popular in the 19th century, the practice of hiring soldiers for specific campaigns was well-established long before. During the Middle Ages, terms like "stipendiarii" (stipendiaries), "soliderii" (soldiers), and "mercennarius" (mercenaries) were used to describe these hired combatants. As the language evolved, so did the terminology, with words like "condottiere" and "lansquenet" emerging in later centuries to describe leaders and specific types of hired soldiers.


The Modern Freelance World